Basic concepts『BPCS』
Basic process control system: Inopindura kumasaini ekuisa kubva ku process, system-inoenderana nemidziyo, mamwe anorongeka masisitimu, uye / kana anoshanda, uye inogadzira sisitimu inoita kuti maitiro nemidziyo inoenderana nehurongwa ishande sezvinodiwa, asi haiite chero chinhu. instrumentation kuchengetedza mabasa ane yakaziviswa SIL≥1.(Chinyorwa: GB/T 21109.1-2007 (IEC 61511-1: 2003, IDT) Kushanda kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo masisitimu muindasitiri yemaitiro - Chikamu 1: Framework, tsananguro, system, hardware uye software zvinodiwa 3.3.2)
Yekutanga Maitiro Kudzora Sisitimu: Inopindura kune yekuisa masaini kubva kune maitiro kuyerwa uye zvimwe zvine hukama michina, zvimwe zviridzwa, control system, kana vanoshanda.Zvinoenderana neiyo process control mutemo, algorithm uye nzira, iyo inobuda chiratidzo inogadzirwa kuti ione kushanda kweiyo process control uye yayo yakabatana michina.Muzvidyarwa zvepetrochemical kana zvidyarwa, iyo basic process control system inowanzo shandisa yakagoverwa control system (DCS).Basic process control masisitimu haifanirwe kuita chengetedzo yakashandiswa mabasa eSIL1, SIL2, SIL3.(Chinyorwa: GB/T 50770-2013 Code yekugadzirwa kwe petrochemical safety instrumented systems 2.1.19)
『SIS』
Safety instrumented system: Chishandiso chinoshandiswa kuita chimwe kana akati wandei ekuchengetedza chiridzwa.SIS inogona kuve nechero musanganiswa we sensor, logic solver, uye yekupedzisira chinhu.
Instrument kuchengetedza basa;SIF ine chaiyo SIL kuti iwane basa rekuchengetedza kuchengetedza kuchengetedza mabasa, ayo anogona kunge ari ese ari maviri echiridzwa chekuchengetedza kuchengetedza basa uye chiridzwa chekuchengetedza chekuchengetedza basa.
Chengetedzo kuperera mwero;SIL inoshandiswa kududzira discrete mazinga (imwe ye4 mazinga) ekuchengetedza kutendeseka zvinodiwa zvezviridzwa zvekuchengetedza zvekuchengetedza zvakapihwa kune kuchengetedza instrumented masisitimu.SIL4 ndiyo yakanyanya nhanho yekuchengetedza kutendeseka uye SIL1 ndiyo yakaderera.
(Chidimbu: GB/T 21109.1-2007 (IEC 61511-1: 2003, IDT) Kushanda kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo masisitimu eiyo process indasitiri Chikamu 1: Framework, tsananguro, system, hardware uye software zvinodiwa 3.2.72/3.2.71/ 3.2.74)
Safety instrumented system: Chishandiso chinoshandiswa chinoshandisa imwe kana kupfuura kuchengetedza chiridzwa.(Chinyorwa: GB/T 50770-2013 Code yekugadzirwa kwe petrochemical safety instrumented systems 2.1.1);
Musiyano uripo pakati peBPCS neSIS
Chengetedzo instrumented system (SIS) yakazvimirira yegadziriro yekudzora system BPCS (yakadai seyakagoverwa control system DCS, nezvimwewo), kugadzirwa kunowanzo kunyarara kana kumira, kana mudziyo wekugadzira kana nzvimbo inogona kutungamira kunjodzi dzekuchengetedza, inogona kuita ipapo ipapo. kuitira kuti maitirwo ekugadzira amire zvakachengeteka kana kupinza otomatiki mamiriro edziviriro akafanotemerwa, anofanirwa kuve nekuvimbika kwakanyanya (kureva kuti, kuchengetedzwa kwekushanda) uye kuchengetedzwa kwakamisikidzwa manejimendi, kana iyo yekuchengetedza instrumented system ikatadza, kazhinji inotungamira kunjodzi dzakakomba dzekuchengetedza.(Chidimbu: General Administration of Safety Supervision No. 3 (2014) No. 116, Maonero Anotungamira eState Administration of Safety Supervision on Strengthening the Management of Chemical Safety Instrumentation Systems)
Zvinoreva kusununguka kweSIS kubva kuBPCS: Kana iyo yakajairwa kushanda kweBPCS control loop ikasangana nezvinodiwa zvinotevera, inogona kushandiswa seyakazvimiririra yekudzivirira layer, iyo BPCS control loop inofanirwa kuparadzaniswa mumuviri kubva kune yekuchengetedza instrumented system (SIS) inoshanda kuchengetedzwa. loop SIF, kusanganisira iyo sensor, controller uye yekupedzisira chinhu.
Musiyano pakati peBPCS neSIS:
Basa rakasiyana rechinangwa: basa rekugadzira / kuchengetedza basa;
Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekushanda: real-time control / over-limit time interlock;
Kusiyana kwekuvimbika zvinodiwa: SIS inoda kuvimbika kwepamusoro;
Nzira dzakasiyana dzekutonga: kuenderera mberi kwekutonga seyo huru / logic control seyo huru control;
Nzira dzakasiyana dzekushandisa nekugadzirisa: SIS inonyanya kuomesera;
BPCS uye SIS kubatana
Kana BPCS neSIS zvichigona kugovera zvikamu zvinogona kutariswa nekutemerwa kubva pazvinhu zvitatu zvinotevera:
Zvinodiwa uye zvinopihwa zveyakajairwa yakatarwa, kuchengetedza zvinodiwa, IPL maitiro, SIL ongororo;
Ongororo yezvehupfumi (chero chete kuti zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza zvazadzikiswa), semuenzaniso, ALARP (yakaderera sezvinobvira) kuongorora;
Mamaneja kana mainjiniya anotemerwa zvichibva pane ruzivo uye subjective kuda.
Chero nzira, iyo diki inodiwa kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvemirau uye zviyero zvinodiwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-09-2023