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Mukugadzira nitrogen, kuumbwa kwemhepo iri mukati memudziyo kunogadziriswa, kazhinji nekupinza nitrogen mumudziyo kuti itsive kana kuderedza kuwanda kweoxygen. Chinangwa cheizvi ndechekuderedza kukanganiswa kwe oxidation uye kukura kwehutachiona, nokudaro zvichiwedzera hupenyu hwechikafu.
Nheyo yekurongedza nitrogen ndeyekuderedza huwandu hweokisijeni muchikafu nekubvisa kana kuderedza kuvapo kweokisijeni, nokudaro zvichideredza kukanganiswa kwechikafu. Nitrogen imhepo isina simba isingasanganisi chikafu nemakemikari uye isingakanganisi kunaka uye magadzirirwo echikafu.
Nekurongedza nitrogen, chikafu chinogona kuchengetwa chiri chitsva uye chinonaka, uye kudzikira kwemhando yechikafu kunogona kuderedzwa. Iyi tekinoroji yekurongedza inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudya zvakaita senyama, michero, miriwo, delicatessen, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka nemakeke.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kurongedza nitrogen hakuparadzi mabhakitiriya kana tupukanana twuripo muchikafu, asi kunongononotsa kukura nekuora kwacho nekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze. Saka, pakushandisa kurongedza nitrogen, zvichiri kudiwa kutarisisa kubata chikafu nehutsanana uye mamiriro ekuchengetedza akakodzera kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chikafu chakachengeteka uye chine mhando.

Ndeipi mhedzisiro chaiyo yekurongedza nitrogen pahupenyu hwechikafu?

1. Kudzivirira oxidation reaction: kurongedza nitrogen kunoderedza oxidation reaction nekuderedza huwandu hweokisijeni mupakeji uye kuderedza kubatana kweokisijeni muchikafu. Oxidation reaction ndeimwe yezvikonzero zvikuru zvekuora kwechikafu uye kuora kwemhando, zvakaita sekuora kwemafuta uye kuchinja kwepigment muchikafu. Nekudzivirira oxidation reactions, kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwechikafu.

2. Kudzora kukura kwehutachiona: Kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuderedza huwandu hweokisijeni mukati mepakeji, nokudaro zvichideredza kukura kwehutachiona hwakadai semabhakitiriya, chakuvhuvhu uye mbiriso. Utachiona uhu ndihwo humwe hwezvinhu zvikuru zvinokonzeresa kuora kwechikafu. Nekudzora kukura kwehutachiona, kurongedza nitrogen kunobatsira kuwedzera hupenyu hwechikafu.

3. Kuchengetedza chimiro uye magadzirirwo echikafu: Kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuchengetedza chimiro uye magadzirirwo echikafu, kudzivirira chikafu kuti chisadzvanyirwe, chisave chakakombama kana kupfava panguva yekurongedza. Izvi zvinoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza chitarisiko, magadzirirwo uye mhando yezvimwe zvekudya zvakaita sezvikafu zvakakangwa, makeke, nezvimwewo.

4. Kudzivirira kuora kwezvinhu zvinonzwa okisijeni: Zvimwe zvekudya zvine zvinhu zvinonzwa okisijeni, zvakaita semavhitamini, anthocyanins, nezvimwewo. Kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuderedza kuwanda kweokisijeni muchikafu uye kuderedza mwero weokisijeni yezvinhu izvi, nokudaro zvichichengetedza zvinovaka muviri neruvara muchikafu.

Kurongedza nitrogen hakubvisi tupukanana twagarapo kana kuwedzera hupenyu hwechikafu kusvika pahurefu. Zvimwe zvinhu, zvakaita sekutsva kwechikafu, kubata nehutsanana, tembiricha yekuchengetedza, nezvimwewo, zvichiri kukanganisa hupenyu hwechikafu. Saka, pakushandisa kurongedza nitrogen, zvichiri kudikanwa kusanganisa nzira dzakakodzera dzekubata chikafu nedzekuchengetedza kuti chive nechokwadi chekuti chikafu chakachengeteka uye chine mhando.

Ndezvipi zvekudya zvakakodzera kurongedza nitrogen?

1. Nyama nehuku itsva: Kurongedza nitrogen kunoita kuti nyama itsva nehuku dzigare kwenguva refu, dzakadai semombe, nyama yenguruve, gwayana, huku, hove, nezvimwewo. Zvinodzivirira oxidation uye kukura kwemabhakitiriya, zvichichengetedza kupfava uye kuravira kwenyama.

2. Zvokudya zvegungwa nezvemumvura: kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuwedzera nguva yekushanda kwezvokudya zvegungwa nezvemumvura, zvakaita sehove, shrimp, shellfish, gakanje, nezvimwewo. Zvinononotsa kuorera uye zvinochengetedza kutsva uye kuravira kwezvokudya zvegungwa.

3. Michero nemiriwo: Kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuwedzera nguva yekushanda kwemichero nemiriwo, senge maapuro, mapeya, mastrawberry, mazambiringa, madomasi, lettuce, nezvimwewo. Kunoderedza kukura kweoxidation nehutachiona, uye kunochengetedza ruvara, kuravira uye kukosha kwekudya kwemichero nemiriwo.

4. Zvekudya zvakabikwa uye zvakagadziriswa: Kurongedza nitrogen kwakakodzera marudzi ese ezvekudya zvakabikwa uye zvakagadziriswa, zvakaita seham, masoseji, zvigadzirwa zvenyama, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, chingwa, makeke, nezvimwewo. Zvinogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwezvekudya izvi uye kuchengetedza magadzirirwo nekuravira kwazvo.

5. Nzungu nemichero yakaomeswa: Kurongedza nitrogen kunoita kuti nzungu nemichero yakaomeswa zvivepo kwenguva refu. Zvinoderedza kuoxidation uye kuravira kwenzungu nemichero yakaomeswa zvirambe zviri zvitsva uye zvinonaka.

Ko kurongedza nitrogen kune zvakunoita here pakukosha kwekudya kwechikafu?

Kugadziriswa kweMamiriro Ekunze Akagadziriswa (MAP) hakunyanyi kukanganisa kukosha kwekudya, kunyanya nekuwedzera hupenyu hwechikafu kuti chirambe chakagadzikana mune zvinovaka muviri.
Heano mamwe mazano akakosha pamusoro pemhedzisiro yekuiswa kwenitrogen pakudya kwemuviri:

1. Kuchengetedza zvinovaka muviri: Kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuderedza kuoxidation reaction muchikafu uye kuderedza mwero wekuoxidation wemavhitamini nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri. Izvi zvinobatsira kuchengetedza zvinovaka muviri muchikafu zvakagadzikana uye kuwedzera nguva yazvo yekuchengetera.

2. Chengetedza mavara echisikigo: Zvimwe zvekudya zvine mavara echisikigo, akadai seaya anowanikwa mumichero nemiriwo. Kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuderedza mhedzisiro yekuchinja kwe oxidation pamavara aya, zvichichengetedza ruvara nechitarisiko chechikafu.

3. Kuchengetedza kunaka uye magadzirirwo echikafu: Kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuchengetedza magadzirirwo uye kuravira kwechikafu, kudzivirira chikafu kuti chisadzvanyirwe, chisave chakaumbwa kana kupfava panguva yekurongedza. Izvi zvinoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza kunaka uye kunaka kwezvimwe zvekudya.

Chii chinoita kuti kurongedza nitrogen kuve nemhedzisiro chaiyo pakuravira uye magadzirirwo echikafu?

1. Chengetedza kugocha uye kugocha: Kune zvimwe zvekudya zvakagocha zvakaita semachipisi embatatisi, mabhisikiti, huku yakakangwa yakagocha, nezvimwewo, kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuita kuti zvigocha uye zvigocha. Nekuderedza huwandu hweoxygen mukati mepakeji, kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuderedza kuoxidation reaction muchikafu, kudzivirira chikafu kuti chisanyorove kana kurasikirwa nekunaka kwacho.
2. Chengetedza hunyoro uye kupfava: Kune zvimwe zvekudya zvakanyorova uye zvakapfava, zvakaita senyama yakabikwa, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, makeke, nezvimwewo, kurongedza nitrogen kunobatsira kuti zvirambe zvakanyorova uye zvakapfava. Nekudzora mhepo iri mukati mepakeji, kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuderedza kupwanyika kwemvura uye oxidation uye kuchengetedza kuravira kwechikafu kwakanyorova.
3. Kudzivirira kudzvanywa uye kushanduka kwechimiro: Kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kuchengetedza chimiro uye chimiro chechikafu kusvika pamwero wakati. Kunogona kuderedza huwandu hweokisijeni mupakeji uye kuderedza simba reokisijeni pachikafu, nokudaro kudzivirira chikafu kudzvanywa, kukanganiswa kana kupfava panguva yekurongedza.
4. Kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwemuromo: Kurongedza nitrogen kunobatsira kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwekuravira kwechikafu. Nekunonoka kwekuita kwe oxidation uye kukura kwehutachiona muchikafu, kurongedza nitrogen kunogona kunonotsa kuora uye kudzikira kwemhando yechikafu, nokudaro kuchengetedza kugadzikana uye kugadzikana kwekuravira kwechikafu.

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